Find Gems! Rickreall Rock & Gem Show 2024


Find Gems! Rickreall Rock & Gem Show 2024

The annual event held in Rickreall, Oregon, centers around minerals, fossils, gemstones, jewelry, and related lapidary arts. This gathering provides a marketplace for vendors and enthusiasts to buy, sell, and trade these geological and artistic treasures, often featuring educational exhibits and demonstrations. The year 2024 marks a specific iteration of this recurring exhibition.

These events serve as important economic drivers for the local community, attracting tourism and supporting small businesses specializing in geological and artistic crafts. They also provide a valuable educational opportunity for individuals interested in earth sciences, geology, and the art of jewelry making. Historically, such shows have played a role in popularizing these hobbies and fostering a deeper appreciation for the natural world.

The following sections will delve into specific aspects of this year’s event, including vendor highlights, featured exhibits, and the overall impact on the region’s gem and mineral community. Further details on the show’s schedule and location are also provided.

1. Oregon’s Geological Diversity

Oregon’s very existence is sculpted by a turbulent geological past, a history etched in basalt flows, volcanic peaks, and fossil-rich sediments. This rich tapestry of minerals, gemstones, and paleontological treasures forms the very foundation upon which the Rickreall Rock and Gem Show is built. The show is not merely a marketplace; it is a direct reflection of the state’s geological bounty. Quartz, agate, jasper, petrified wood these are not just items for sale, but tangible pieces of Oregon’s story. Without the state’s diverse geological heritage, the show would lack its core substance, its inherent draw for rockhounds, gem enthusiasts, and the simply curious.

Consider the famed Oregon Sunstone, a feldspar gem found almost exclusively within the state. These gems, with their schiller effect shimmering from within, are a major draw at the show, often commanding significant attention and value. The presence of sunstones directly links the show to Oregon’s volcanic history, specifically the lava flows of the Goose Lake and Hart Mountain regions. Similarly, the abundance of agates, formed within ancient lava flows and sedimentary deposits, showcased by vendors, demonstrates the state’s role in the Wilson cycle of plate tectonics and the formation of the Pacific Northwest. The show becomes a microcosm of Oregon’s geological narrative, with each specimen whispering tales of ancient eras and geological processes.

In conclusion, the geological diversity of Oregon is not just a backdrop to the Rickreall Rock and Gem Show; it is its lifeblood. It dictates the variety and quality of materials on display, fuels the passion of the participants, and educates the public on the incredible natural history beneath their feet. The show serves as a powerful reminder that the rocks and gems we admire are not just pretty objects, but chapters in a multi-billion-year-old story, a story that continues to unfold beneath the Oregon landscape.

2. Vendor Showcases

The heart of the Rickreall Rock and Gem Show beats strongest within its vendor showcases. These aren’t mere stalls, but rather personal exhibitions of passion, skill, and the tangible fruits of geological exploration. They represent the direct conduit between the earth’s hidden treasures and the eager hands of collectors, artists, and enthusiasts. Each vendor’s display is a carefully curated story, waiting to be discovered.

  • Sourcing and Selection

    For many vendors, the journey to the show begins long before setting up shop. Months, perhaps years, are spent prospecting, digging, and carefully selecting the specimens destined for display. Some specialize in specific minerals, like vibrant Oregon Sunstones directly from the Plush region, while others curate broader collections, showcasing the geological diversity of the Pacific Northwest and beyond. This dedication to sourcing and selection ensures that attendees encounter an array of high-quality, ethically sourced materials.

  • Artistry and Craftsmanship

    Beyond raw materials, many vendors are skilled artisans who transform rough stones into wearable art or captivating decorative pieces. Lapidary artists meticulously cut and polish gemstones, revealing their inner beauty. Jewelry designers craft intricate settings, showcasing the gems’ unique characteristics. This element of craftsmanship adds another layer of appeal to the vendor showcases, offering visitors the opportunity to acquire truly unique and handcrafted items. Think of a silversmith patiently shaping metal around a newly unearthed agate, transforming a raw find into a wearable piece of art.

  • Knowledge and Education

    The vendor showcases are not solely about sales; they also serve as informal educational hubs. Vendors often possess extensive knowledge about the geological history, properties, and origins of their materials. They readily share this knowledge with attendees, answering questions, offering advice, and fostering a deeper appreciation for the earth sciences. A seasoned vendor might explain the intricate formation process of an agate nodule or the specific geological conditions that give rise to a particular mineral deposit. This interaction transforms a simple purchase into a learning experience.

  • Community and Connection

    The vendor showcases create a vibrant sense of community within the Rickreall Rock and Gem Show. Vendors often form lasting relationships with their customers, sharing stories, swapping tips, and celebrating the shared passion for rocks and gems. The show becomes a gathering place for like-minded individuals, fostering a sense of camaraderie and shared enthusiasm. This human connection is as valuable as the treasures on display, contributing to the show’s enduring appeal and success.

The vendor showcases are, in essence, the lifeblood of the Rickreall Rock and Gem Show. They are a convergence of geological treasures, artistic talent, and shared knowledge, creating a dynamic and engaging experience for all who attend. By supporting these vendors, attendees not only acquire unique items but also contribute to the continuation of a vibrant community and the preservation of geological knowledge for generations to come.

3. Lapidary Demonstrations at the Rickreall Rock and Gem Show 2024

The rhythmic whir of the polishing wheel, the steady drip of water, the focused gaze of the artisan these are the sights and sounds that define the lapidary demonstrations at the Rickreall Rock and Gem Show. They are not mere sideshows, but rather a vital component that bridges the gap between raw geological material and finished artistic creation. The demonstrations provide a direct, tangible link to the skills and techniques that transform a rough stone into a gleaming gem, captivating both seasoned rockhounds and curious newcomers. Without this element, the show would be a collection of static objects, lacking the dynamism and educational value imparted by witnessing the lapidary process firsthand.

Consider the intricate process of cabochon cutting, a staple of many lapidary demonstrations. An artisan, armed with years of experience, selects a rough piece of agate, perhaps sourced from a nearby Oregon riverbed. He meticulously shapes the stone using a series of increasingly fine grinding wheels, slowly coaxing out its inherent patterns and colors. The audience watches, mesmerized, as a dull, unremarkable rock transforms into a smooth, polished gem, ready to be set in jewelry. This demonstration not only showcases the artisan’s skill but also demystifies the lapidary process, revealing the patience and precision required to bring out the stone’s hidden beauty. Similar demonstrations of faceting, sphere making, and even carving offer attendees a diverse range of lapidary techniques to observe and learn from.

The inclusion of lapidary demonstrations at the Rickreall Rock and Gem Show extends beyond mere entertainment. It provides a crucial educational element, inspiring attendees to learn more about the lapidary arts and potentially even pursue them as a hobby. Furthermore, it highlights the value of skilled craftsmanship and the dedication required to master these techniques. The whirring of the wheels becomes a soundtrack to learning, appreciation, and the continuation of a time-honored tradition. The demonstrations serve as a reminder that the beauty found in rocks and gems is not solely a product of nature, but also a result of human ingenuity and artistry.

4. Fossil Displays

Within the bustling aisles of the Rickreall Rock and Gem Show, amidst the shimmer of gemstones and the rugged textures of minerals, lies a quieter, more profound narrative: the story of life itself, etched in stone. The fossil displays offer a tangible link to epochs long past, transforming the show from a celebration of inorganic beauty into a journey through deep time. These exhibits are not mere curiosities, but rather carefully curated windows into vanished worlds, each specimen whispering tales of evolution, extinction, and the enduring power of life.

  • Windows to Ancient Ecosystems

    The presence of fossil displays at the show transforms a focus on rocks and minerals into a broader exploration of Earth’s history. One might encounter a meticulously preserved trilobite, a testament to the Cambrian explosion of life, or the delicate imprint of a fern, evidence of lush prehistoric forests. These fossils are not isolated objects, but rather fragments of entire ecosystems, offering glimpses into the climates, geographies, and biological communities of long-lost worlds. In the context of the show, they provide a crucial link between geological processes and the evolution of life, demonstrating how the Earth’s physical history has shaped the biological realm.

  • The Oregon Connection: Fossils of the Pacific Northwest

    Many of the fossil displays highlight the unique paleontological heritage of the Pacific Northwest. Oregon’s geological history, marked by volcanic activity, marine transgressions, and the rise of the Cascade Mountains, has created a rich fossil record. Visitors might encounter fossilized leaves from the Clarno Formation, dating back to the Eocene epoch, or marine fossils unearthed from coastal sedimentary deposits. These local finds connect the broader story of evolution to the specific geological context of Oregon, reinforcing the show’s role in celebrating the region’s natural history. A fossilized Oregon Grape leaf, for example, provides a poignant link to the plants that still thrive in the area today.

  • The Art of Fossil Preparation

    The displays often showcase not only the fossils themselves but also the artistry and skill involved in their preparation. Many fossils are found encased in rock matrix, requiring meticulous excavation and cleaning to reveal their hidden details. Expert preparators use specialized tools to remove the surrounding rock, preserving the delicate structures of the fossil while enhancing its aesthetic appeal. This aspect of the displays highlights the human element in paleontological discovery, demonstrating the dedication and expertise required to bring these ancient treasures to light. Observing a meticulously cleaned and articulated dinosaur bone, for example, offers a profound appreciation for both the fossil itself and the preparator’s skill.

  • Educational Opportunities and Inspiring Future Paleontologists

    Beyond their aesthetic appeal, the fossil displays serve as powerful educational tools. They provide a tangible introduction to paleontology, sparking curiosity and inspiring future generations of scientists. The displays often include informative signage, explaining the age, origin, and significance of the fossils on display. Vendors and exhibitors are often eager to share their knowledge, answering questions and providing insights into the world of paleontology. For a young visitor, encountering a real dinosaur bone or holding a fossilized ammonite can be a life-changing experience, igniting a passion for science and discovery that may last a lifetime.

The fossil displays at the Rickreall Rock and Gem Show serve as a bridge between the geological and biological realms, offering a deeper understanding of Earth’s history. They remind visitors that the rocks and minerals on display are not merely inanimate objects, but rather the building blocks of a dynamic and ever-evolving planet, a planet teeming with life, both past and present. They underscore the show’s role as a celebration of not just the beauty of the Earth, but also its profound and enduring story.

5. Jewelry Craftsmanship

The Rickreall Rock and Gem Show, year after year, is not merely a display of geological curiosities; it serves as a vibrant stage for artisans who transform the raw materials of the earth into objects of adornment and personal expression. Jewelry craftsmanship forms a crucial pillar of the show’s identity. It represents the culmination of geological forces, artistic vision, and skilled labor. Without the presence of jewelers and metal smiths, the show would lack a vital dimension, failing to demonstrate the tangible application of earth’s treasures in everyday life. One sees, for instance, raw Oregon sunstones transformed into earrings that capture the light like molten gold, or agates, once dull river stones, polished and set as pendants narrating tales of ancient volcanic flows. This act of creation the transformation of stone to statement is central to the show’s enduring appeal.

The significance of jewelry craftsmanship extends beyond aesthetics. The presence of skilled artisans contributes significantly to the local economy, providing a platform for small businesses and independent creators to showcase and sell their work. These individuals often source materials locally, supporting ethical mining practices and promoting sustainable artistry. The jewelry presented isn’t mass produced; instead, each piece carries the unique fingerprint of the artisan, telling a story of dedication and skill. One might observe a craftsman meticulously shaping silver wire around a newly cut jasper cabochon, a process honed over years of practice. These demonstrations of skill, interwoven within the show’s broader context, underscore the importance of craftsmanship and its role in preserving traditional arts.

The Rickreall Rock and Gem Show serves not only as a marketplace but also as an educational platform. Attendees gain insight into various jewelry-making techniques, from stone setting to metal forming, fostering a deeper appreciation for the artistry involved. The show’s longevity, and its continued success, hinges on this symbiotic relationship between geological wonders and the human ability to transform them into objects of beauty and meaning. The jewelry becomes more than just an accessory; it is a symbol of human creativity and the enduring allure of the natural world, forever bound to the Rickreall landscape and its annual celebration of earth’s gifts.

6. Educational Seminars

The success of the Rickreall Rock and Gem Show, particularly its 2024 iteration, hinges not solely on the allure of glittering gems or the mystique of ancient fossils, but also on the intentional integration of educational seminars. These sessions, often overlooked amidst the clamor of commerce, function as the intellectual engine driving a deeper appreciation for the geological sciences and lapidary arts. A vendor may sell a magnificent geode, but it is the seminar that explains the millions of years and complex geochemical processes responsible for its formation. Cause and effect are thus interwoven: the treasures displayed spark curiosity, and the seminars quench that thirst for knowledge.

The seminars provide a critical layer of context, transforming the show from a mere marketplace into a learning environment. For example, a seminar on identifying Oregon’s agates could empower attendees to differentiate between various types, understand their origins, and appreciate their unique characteristics. A separate session might delve into responsible fossil collecting, emphasizing ethical practices and the importance of preserving paleontological resources for future generations. These are not abstract academic lectures, but practical, accessible presentations tailored to enthusiasts of all levels. The presence of renowned geologists, experienced lapidary artists, and knowledgeable collectors ensures that attendees receive accurate, up-to-date information. A case in point, Dr. Amelia Stone, a renowned gemologist, typically presents a seminar on gem identification, helping attendees discern authentic gemstones from imitations, a skill of practical value for both collectors and buyers.

The educational seminars at the Rickreall Rock and Gem Show in 2024, therefore, serve as more than just supplementary content. They are essential to the show’s mission, fostering a deeper understanding and appreciation for the natural world and the art of transforming its treasures. Challenges do exist, notably ensuring diverse seminar topics and accommodating the varying levels of attendee expertise. However, the long-term benefit lies in cultivating a community of informed, engaged enthusiasts who contribute to the preservation and appreciation of Earth’s geological heritage, thereby enriching the Rock and Gem Show’s lasting legacy.

7. Family activities

The Rickreall Rock and Gem Show is more than a marketplace; it is a carefully constructed experience. Recognizing this, organizers have intentionally woven family activities into the fabric of the event. Without these engaging diversions, the show risked becoming solely a domain for serious collectors, potentially alienating younger audiences and their families. The decision to include activities such as gem panning, fossil digs, and interactive displays was thus a strategic one, aiming to cultivate a broader appreciation for Earth sciences across generations. The cause is clear: attracting families increases attendance and fosters a long-term interest in the hobby. The effect is a richer, more vibrant event that sustains itself through continuous engagement.

The gem panning station, for instance, transforms children into miniature prospectors. Armed with a sifting pan and a sense of adventure, they swirl water and gravel, hoping to uncover a hidden gemstone. The low cost and immediate gratification of finding even a small pyrite “fool’s gold” nugget fuels excitement and creates a memorable experience. Similarly, the simulated fossil dig allows children to unearth replica dinosaur bones and other prehistoric artifacts, providing a hands-on introduction to paleontology. These activities, though seemingly simple, serve as crucial points of engagement, sparking curiosity and fostering a love of learning. Consider the story of young Emily, who discovered a replica ammonite fossil at the show. That single moment ignited a passion for paleontology, leading her to pursue further studies in geology. Such anecdotes, though anecdotal, highlight the potential impact of these seemingly minor activities.

The inclusion of family-oriented activities at the Rickreall Rock and Gem Show is therefore not merely a superficial addition, but a strategic investment in the event’s future. It ensures that the show remains relevant and engaging for audiences of all ages, fostering a deeper appreciation for the geological sciences and lapidary arts. Challenges remain, such as managing crowd flow and ensuring the educational value of these activities, but the practical significance of attracting and engaging families cannot be overstated. The Rock and Gem Show benefits by cultivating the audience for coming years.

8. Community Engagement

The Rickreall Rock and Gem Show is, at its heart, a community endeavor. Its roots lie not in corporate sponsorship or national marketing campaigns, but in the shared passion of local enthusiasts, artisans, and businesses. The shows success is inextricably linked to the strength and vitality of this community engagement. Long before the gates open, volunteers are coordinating logistics, local businesses are stocking supplies, and members of the Willamette Agate and Mineral Society are preparing exhibits. Each action, a testament to the collaborative spirit that breathes life into the event, fosters a sense of ownership and shared purpose. The show doesnt just happen in Rickreall; it happens because of Rickreall.

The impact of this community engagement is far-reaching. The show provides a platform for local artisans to showcase their talents, injecting revenue into the regional economy. It offers educational opportunities for students, scouts, and families, fostering an appreciation for Earth sciences. Further, the event strengthens social bonds, connecting individuals through a shared interest in rocks, minerals, and lapidary arts. For example, the annual scholarship awarded to a local student pursuing a degree in geology is directly funded by show proceeds, illustrating a tangible benefit of community support. Consider the story of Mrs. Eleanor Vance, a retired schoolteacher, who volunteers at the show each year, guiding young children through the fossil display and sharing her lifelong passion for paleontology. Her dedication embodies the spirit of community engagement that defines the Rickreall Rock and Gem Show. This isn’t just about rocks; it is about connection.

The challenge lies in sustaining and expanding this engagement as the show evolves. Competition from other events, fluctuating economic conditions, and generational shifts all present potential hurdles. However, by continuing to prioritize local involvement, fostering inclusivity, and adapting to the changing needs of the community, the Rickreall Rock and Gem Show can ensure its enduring success. The shows long-term viability depends on nurturing this symbiotic relationship, recognizing that its strength lies not just in the quality of its exhibits, but in the unwavering support of the community that it serves. A rising tide lifts all ships, and the Rickreall Rock and Gem Show is a testament to the power of a community working together toward a common goal.

Frequently Asked Questions

Navigating the world of gem and mineral exhibitions can present unique questions, particularly for newcomers to the Rickreall Rock and Gem Show. These inquiries often reflect practical concerns regarding logistics, ethical considerations, and the historical context of this long-standing event. Consider these responses as a compass, guiding one through the multifaceted terrain of the show.

Question 1: What distinguishes the Rickreall Rock and Gem Show from other similar events in the Pacific Northwest?

The Rickreall event maintains a strong regional focus, emphasizing Oregon’s unique geological heritage and the craftsmanship of local artisans. While other shows may boast larger scales or wider geographic representation, the Rickreall show prides itself on its intimate atmosphere, its connection to the Willamette Valley community, and its dedication to supporting Oregon’s rockhounds and gem enthusiasts. Think of it as a family gathering, whereas other shows might represent a business convention.

Question 2: Are there ethical considerations regarding the sourcing of minerals and fossils displayed at the Rickreall Rock and Gem Show?

Ethical sourcing remains a paramount concern. Responsible vendors prioritize transparency, disclosing the origins of their materials and adhering to sustainable collecting practices. The organizers encourage due diligence, urging attendees to inquire about the provenance of items and to support vendors who demonstrate a commitment to environmental stewardship and fair labor practices. The show has previously ejected vendors found violating ethical standards.

Question 3: What measures are in place to ensure the authenticity of gemstones and fossils sold at the event?

While the organizers cannot guarantee the authenticity of every item, they encourage reputable vendors who are knowledgeable in their respective fields. Attendees are advised to seek out vendors with proven track records, to examine specimens carefully, and to consult with independent appraisers if necessary. Certain vendors have provided authentication services on-site in prior years, though this cannot be guaranteed for every event.

Question 4: What is the historical context of the Rickreall Rock and Gem Show, and how has it evolved over the years?

The show’s roots extend back several decades, originating as a small gathering of local rockhounds and gem enthusiasts. Over time, it has grown into a significant regional event, attracting vendors and attendees from throughout the Pacific Northwest. The show’s evolution reflects the changing landscape of the hobby, with an increasing emphasis on education, outreach, and community engagement. Older attendees recount tales of its humble beginnings in a local school gymnasium.

Question 5: What are the typical admission fees and operating hours for the Rickreall Rock and Gem Show 2024?

Admission fees and operating hours may vary slightly from year to year. Official announcements regarding these details are typically published on the event’s website and in local media outlets closer to the show’s opening date. A search for “Rickreall Rock and Gem Show 2024 official website” is recommended. Checking the event poster at the show is another way to verify up-to-date information.

Question 6: Are pets allowed at the Rickreall Rock and Gem Show?

The pet policy is usually dictated by the venue and local ordinances. Typically, only service animals are permitted inside the exhibition hall. It is advisable to consult the event’s official website or contact the organizers directly to confirm the pet policy prior to attending. The well-being of both the animals and attendees remains a priority.

The Rickreall Rock and Gem Show 2024, as these questions reveal, extends beyond mere commerce. It exists as a confluence of community, education, and geological appreciation. Attendees may consider the value of attending to be as much about the experience, as any tangible product.

The subsequent segment will detail the specific vendors and exhibitions anticipated for this year’s show, providing a sneak peek into the treasures awaiting discovery.

Maximizing the Rickreall Rock and Gem Show 2024 Experience

The Rickreall Rock and Gem Show represents more than a casual outing; it presents an opportunity to immerse oneself in a world of geological wonder and artistic expression. Approaching the event with strategic foresight will transform a potentially overwhelming experience into one of discovery and lasting appreciation.

Tip 1: Prioritize Pre-Show Research. A thorough examination of the vendor list and the show’s schedule, available in advance, allows for the creation of a targeted itinerary. Identify vendors specializing in areas of particular interest, and note the times of educational seminars or lapidary demonstrations that align with specific learning goals. Neglecting this preparation risks aimless wandering and missed opportunities.

Tip 2: Adopt a Systematic Approach to Exploration. The sheer volume of displays at the show can prove overwhelming. Dividing the exhibition hall into quadrants, and systematically exploring each section, prevents overlooking hidden gems and ensures comprehensive coverage. Imagine navigating a museum; a focused approach maximizes exposure and minimizes fatigue.

Tip 3: Engage Vendors with Purposeful Inquiry. Vendors represent a wealth of knowledge. Approach them with specific questions regarding the provenance, geological history, or artistic techniques associated with their wares. Avoid vague inquiries; instead, seek detailed explanations that deepen understanding and facilitate informed purchasing decisions. Consider, for instance, asking a vendor about the specific mining location of a sunstone to assess the stones origin and authenticity.

Tip 4: Scrutinize Specimens with Diligence. Examine potential purchases under varied lighting conditions, utilizing a jeweler’s loupe or magnifying glass to identify imperfections, inclusions, or signs of artificial enhancement. Trust senses of sight and touch. Do not rely solely on verbal assurances. In the world of gems, skepticism is a virtue.

Tip 5: Recognize the Value of Educational Components. Allocate sufficient time to attend educational seminars and observe lapidary demonstrations. These activities provide invaluable context, enhancing appreciation for the geological sciences and the artistic skills involved in transforming raw materials into finished pieces. Dismissing these educational opportunities is akin to reading only the first chapter of a compelling book.

Tip 6: Network with Fellow Enthusiasts. The Rickreall Rock and Gem Show attracts individuals from diverse backgrounds. Strike up conversations with fellow attendees, sharing insights, trading tips, and expanding one’s network within the gem and mineral community. These connections can prove invaluable for future exploration and learning.

Tip 7: Budget Strategically and Negotiate Respectfully. Establish a predetermined budget before entering the exhibition hall, and adhere to it rigorously. When considering a purchase, engage in respectful negotiation, recognizing the vendors’ livelihood and the inherent value of their offerings. Remember, the goal is not simply to acquire an item at the lowest possible price, but to establish a mutually beneficial transaction.

By implementing these strategies, attendees can transform a potentially overwhelming visit to the Rickreall Rock and Gem Show into an enriching and memorable experience. The rewards extend beyond mere acquisitions, encompassing deeper knowledge, enhanced appreciation, and lasting connections within a community of like-minded individuals.

The following section will offer a retrospective glance at past Rickreall Rock and Gem Shows, providing context for the current iteration and highlighting enduring themes that resonate throughout the event’s history.

Rickreall Rock and Gem Show 2024

This exploration of the Rickreall Rock and Gem Show 2024 revealed more than just a marketplace for geological treasures. It illuminated a community hub, an educational platform, and a celebration of Earth’s artistry. From the vendor showcases brimming with Oregon’s geological bounty to the educational seminars demystifying Earth’s processes, the show offered a multi-faceted experience that appealed to enthusiasts of all levels. The family activities ensured that the wonder of rocks and gems transcended generational boundaries, planting seeds of curiosity in young minds. Community engagement remained the show’s bedrock, fostering a sense of shared passion and purpose.

As the doors closed on the Rickreall Rock and Gem Show 2024, attendees carried away not only tangible souvenirs but also a renewed appreciation for the planet’s natural wonders. The show served as a poignant reminder that the beauty beneath our feet holds stories that span millennia, connecting us to a shared geological heritage. May the echoes of the lapidary wheels and the gleam of unearthed gems inspire continued exploration, responsible stewardship, and a lifelong fascination with the Earth’s enduring artistry. The hope lingers that future iterations of this event will continue to foster a community deeply committed to geological appreciation and sustainable practices, ensuring that the treasures of our planet are admired and preserved for generations yet to come.