This type of valve incorporates a rotating ball with a bore, directing flow through three different ports configured in a T-shape. Actuation, typically a quarter-turn, aligns the bore with desired port combinations, effectively controlling fluid direction. For example, it can divert flow from a single inlet to either of two outlets, or conversely, allow flow from two inlets to converge into a single outlet.
This flow control mechanism offers versatility in process systems by providing options for diverting, mixing, or selecting between different fluid paths. This flexibility reduces the need for multiple individual valves, streamlining piping layouts and minimizing potential leak points. Historically, such configurations were achieved through more complex manifold designs; the integrated nature of this single-unit solution represents a significant advancement in simplicity and reliability.